The
fantasy of futuristic transportation is very much alive right now as
exemplified by a concept called the Hyperloop. Hyperloop is a proposed mode of
passenger transportation, first used to describe an open-source vactrain design
released by a joint team from Tesla and SpaceX. Elon Musk's version of the
concept, first publicly mentioned in 2012, incorporates reduced-pressure tubes
in which pressurized capsules ride on air bearings driven by linear induction
motors and axial compressors. The Hyperloop Alpha concept was first published
in August 2013, proposing and examining a route running from the Los Angeles
region to the San Francisco Bay Area, roughly following the Interstate 5
corridor. The paper conceived of a hyperloop system that would propel passengers
along the 350-mile (560 km) route at a speed of 760 mph (1,200 km/h), allowing
for a travel time of 35 minutes, which is considerably faster than current rail
or air travel times.
Hyperloop:
Hyperloop is a new form of ground transport currently in development phase,
which could see passengers travelling at 700 miles an hour in floating pods
within low-pressure tubes.
The
Hyperloop concept operates by sending specially designed "capsules"
or "pods" through a steel tube maintained at a partial vacuum. In
Musk's original concept, each capsule floats on a 0.02–0.05 in (0.5–1.3 mm)
layer of air provided under pressure.
Hyperloop technology uses passive maglev for the same purpose. Linear
induction motors located along the tube would accelerate and decelerate the
capsule to the appropriate speed for each section of the tube route. With
rolling resistance eliminated and air resistance greatly reduced, the capsules
can glide for the bulk of the journey. In Musk's original Hyperloop concept, an
electrically driven inlet fan and axial compressor would be placed at the nose
of the capsule to "actively transfer high-pressure air from the front to
the rear of the vessel", resolving the problem of air pressure building in
front of the vehicle, slowing it down.[1] A fraction of the air is shunted to
the skis for additional pressure, augmenting that gain passively from lift due
to their shape. Hyperloop One's system does away with the compressor.
Hyperloop and Traditional Commute
There
are two big differences between Hyperloop and tradition rail. The pods carrying
passengers travel through tubes or tunnels from which most of the air has been
removed to reduce friction. This should allow the pods to travel at up to 750
miles per hour.
Rather
than using wheels like a train or car, the pods are designed to float on air
skis, using the same basic idea as an air hockey table, or use magnetic
levitation to reduce friction. A number of different companies are working to
turn the idea into a functioning commercial system.
Hyperloop in India
Hyperloop
Transportation Technologies are in process to sign a Letter of Intent with the
Indian Government for a proposed route between Chennai and Bengaluru. If things
go as planned, the distance of 345 km could be covered in 30 minutes. HTT also
signed an agreement with Andhra Pradesh government to build India's first
Hyperloop project connecting Amaravathi to Vijayawada in a 6-minute ride. On
February 22, 2018, Hyperloop One has entered into a MOU (Memorandum of
Understanding) with the Government of Maharashtra to build a hyperloop
transportation system between Mumbai and Pune that would cut the travel time
from the current 180 minutes to just 20 minutes.
Hyperloop in Mars
According
to Musk, Hyperloop would be useful on Mars as no tubes would be needed because
Mars' atmosphere is about 1% the density of the Earth's at sea level.For the
Hyperloop concept to work on Earth, low-pressure tubes are required to reduce
air resistance. However, if they were to be built on Mars, the lower air
resistance would allow a Hyperloop to be created with no tube, only a track
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